Category Archives: Human Development

Root Races

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Root races are stages in human evolution in the esoteric cosmology of theosophist

Helena Petrovna Blavatsky , as described in her book The Secret Doctrine (1888). These races existed mainly on now-lost continents. Blavatsky’s model was developed by later theosophists, most notably William Scott-Elliot in The Story of Atlantis (1896) and The Lost Lemuria (1904).

Root races, epochs and sub-races

According to Blavatsky’s writings, there will be seven root races assembled for our Earth; each root race is divided into seven subraces. Only five root races have appeared so far; the sixth is expected to emerge in the 28th century. Francis Bacon (whom theosophy considers to be the legendary Count of St. Germain ) in his work The New Atlantis (1627) describes a potential future civilisation which lives on a land called Bensalem.

The first root race (Polarian)

The first root race was ” ethereal”, i.e. they were composed of etheric matter. They reproduced by dividing like an amoeba . Earth was still cooling at that time. The first mountain to arise out of the stormy primeval ocean was Mount Meru .

The second root race (Hyperborean)

The second root race lived in Hyperborea. The second root race was colored golden yellow. Hyperborea included what is now Northern Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Scandinavia, Northern Asia and Kamchatka . The climate was tropical because Earth had not yet developed an axial tilt. The esoteric name of their continent is Plaksha; they called themselves the Kimpurshas. They reproduced by budding. The second root race has no present-day descendants.

The third root race (Lemurian)

The third root race, the Lemurian lived in Lemuria . The esoteric name of Lemuria is

Shalmali .Lemuria, according to Theosophists, existed in a large part of what is now the Indian Ocean including Australia and extending into the South Pacific Ocean; its last remnants are the Australian continent, the island of New Guinea, and the island of Madagascar . Lemuria sank gradually and was eventually destroyed by incessantly erupting volcanoes.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it was thought by geologists that the age of the earth was only about 200 million years (because radioactive dating had not yet come into use), so the geological epochs were believed to have occurred at a much later time than is thought to be the case today. According to traditional Theosophy, the Lemurian root race began 34½ million years ago, in the middle of what was then believed to be the Jurassic ; thus, the people of Lemuria coexisted with the dinosaurs . The Lemurian race was much taller and bigger than our current race.

The first three subraces of the Lemurians reproduced by laying eggs, but the fourth subrace, beginning 16½ million years ago, began to reproduce like modern humans.

As Lemuria was slowly submerged due to volcanic eruptions, the Lemurians colonized the areas surrounding Lemuria, i.e. Africa, Southern India and the East Indies. The descendants of the Lemurian root race according to traditional Theosophy include the Capoid race, the Congoid race , the Dravidians, and the Australoid race.

The fourth root race (Atlantean)

This race inhabited Atlantis.

Subraces of the Atlantean root race

The fourth root race, the Atlantean, according to Theosophy arose approximately 4,500,000 years ago in Africa from the fourth subrace of the Lemurians in a part of Africa that had been colonized by that subrace in the area now inhabited by the Ashanti.

According to Theosophists the first Atlantean subrace was the result of the last, or seventh Lemurian subrace Chankshusha Manu which migrated first to the south of the Atlantean continent and, from there, migrated further north.

The esoteric name of Atlantis is Kusha .

The Atlantean root race had Mongolian features; they began with bronze skin and gradually evolved into thered American Indian , brown Malayan , andyellow Mongolian races, because some Atlanteans eventually migrated to the Americas and Asia.

The seven subraces of the Atlantean root race were

1. the Rmoahal

2. the Tlavati (Cro-Magnons )

3. the Toltec (a term which Theosophists use as a synonym for the Atlantean ancestors of the American Indians)

4. the Turanian

5. the (original Semites i.e. Phoenicians )

6. the Akkadians , and

7. the Mongolian, which migrated to and colonized Central Asia East Asia and Southeast Asia .

The descendants of the Atlanteans according to traditional Theosophy include those of the Mongolian race , the Malayan race , and the American Indian race as well as some people of what in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was called the ” olive-skinned ” Mediterranean race.

The civilization of Atlantis

During the long period of time when Atlantis was ruled by the Toltecs (the ancestors of the Amerindians), the civilization of Atlantis was at its height. This was the period between about 1,000,000 and 900,000 years ago, called the Golden Age of Atlantis. The Atlanteans had many luxuries and conveniences. Their capital city was called The City of the Golden Gates. At its height, it had two million inhabitants. There were extensive aqueducts leading to the city from a mountain lake. The Atlanteans had airships powered by the vril that could seat two to eight people.

The economic system was socialist like that of the Incas. Atlanteans were the first to develop organized warfare. The military deployed vril-powered air battleships that contained 50 to 100 fighting men. These air battleships deployed poison gas bombs. The infantry fired fire-tipped arrows. The Toltecs on Atlantis worshipped the Sun in temples as grand as those of ancient Egypt that were decorated in bright colors. The sacred word used in meditation was Tau (this was the equivalent of the Aryan sacred word Om). As noted above, the Toltecs colonized all of North America and South America and thus became the people we know as the Amerindians.

The downfall of Atlantis started when some of the Toltecs began to practice black magic about 850,000 BC, corrupted by the dragon “Thevetat”, remembered as Devadatta , the opponent of Buddha. The people began to become selfish and materialistic . Soon thereafter, the Turanians (the ancestors of the people we now know as the Turkic peoples) became dominant in much of Atlantis. The Turanians continued the practice of black magic which reached its height about 250,000 BC and continued until the final sinking of Atlantis, although they were opposed by white magicians . The Master Morya incarnated as the Emperor of Atlantis in 220,000 BC to oppose the black magicians. The black magicians used

magical spells to breed human-animal chimeras to use as sex slaves . They also had an army composed of chimeras that were composites composed of a human body with the heads of fierce predators such as lions, tigers and bears, that ate enemy corpses on the battlefield. The war between the white magicians and the black magicians continued until the end of Atlantis.

The Masters of the Ancient Wisdom telepathically warned their disciples (the white magicians) to flee Atlantis in ships while there was still time to get out before the final cataclysm . As noted above, the final sudden submergence of Atlantis due to earthquakes occurred in 9,564 BC .

The fifth root race (Aryan)

Early beginnings of the Aryan root race

Blavatsky asserted humanity was in the fifth root race, the Aryan race, which Theosophists believe to have emerged from the previous fourth root race (Atlantean root race) beginning about 100,000 years ago in Atlantis. (According to Powell, when Madame Blavatsky stated the Aryan root race was 1,000,000 years old, she meant that the souls of the people that later physically incarnated as the first Aryans about 100,000 years ago began to incarnate in the bodies of Atlanteans 1,000,000 years ago.

However, another way of interpreting this is that Nature began to create the Aryan race before the final cataclysms.)

Theosophists believe the Aryan root race was physically progenerated by the Vaivasvatu Manu, one of the Masters of the Ancient Wisdom.

The present-day ethnic group most closely related to the new race is the Kabyle .

The small band of only 9,000 people constituting the then small Aryan root race migrated out of Atlantis in 79,797 BC. The bards of the new white root-race poetically referred to the new race as being moon-colored .A small group of these Aryan migrants from Atlantis split from the main body of migrants and went south to the shore of an inland sea in what was then a verdant and lush Sahara where they founded the “City of the Sun”. The main body of migrants continued onwards to an island called the “white island” in the middle of what was then an inland sea in what is now the Gobi desert , where they established the “City of the Bridge”. (The “City of the Bridge” was constructed directly below the etheric city called Shamballa where Theosophists believe the governing deity of Earth, Sanat Kumara , dwells; thus, the ongoing evolution of the Aryan root race has been divinely guided by the being Theosophists call “The Lord of the World”.)

The esoteric name of the whole of the present land surface of Earth, i.e. the World Island , the Americas, the Australian continent and Antarctica taken as a whole is Krauncha .

Generally speaking, a large percentage of the people who live in the time of the period of the fifth root race are part of the fifth root race. However Blavatsky also opines that some Semitic peoples have become “degenerate in spirituality”. She asserted that some peoples descended from the Lemurians are “semi-animal creatures”. These latter include “the Tasmanians, a portion of the Australians and a mountain tribe in China.” There are also “considerable numbers of the mixed Lemuro-Atlantean peoples produced by various crossings with such semi-human stocks — e.g., the wild men of Borneo, the Veddhas of Ceylon , most of the remaining Australians , Bushmen , Negrito , Andaman Islanders, etc.” All these aforementioned groups mentioned by Blavatsky except the purported “wild men of Borneo” (not to be confused with the famous circus duo, the Wild Men of Borneo) are part of what was in the late 19th and most of the 20th century was called the Australoid race (except for the Bushmen , part of the Capoid race ), both of which races, as noted above, were believed by traditional Theosophists to have been descended from the Lemurians.

Subraces of the Aryan root race

Blavatsky described the fifth root race with the following words: “The Aryan races, for instance, now varying from dark brown, almost black, red-brown-yellow, down to the whitest creamy colour, are yet all of one and the same stock – the Fifth Root-Race – and spring from one single progenitor , which Hindus call Manu. Theosophists believe that each root race has a separate and distinct progenitor.

The subraces of the Aryan Fifth Root Race include the first subrace, the Hindu, which migrated from the “City of the Bridge” on the white island in the middle of the Gobi inland sea to India in 60,000 BC; the second subrace, the Arabian, which migrated from the “City of the Bridge” to Arabia in 40,000 BC; the third subrace, the Persian, which migrated from the “City of the Bridge” toPersia in 30,000 BC; the fourth subrace, the Celts , which migrated from the “City of the Bridge” to Western Europe beginning in 20,000 BC (the Mycenaean Greeks are regarded as an offshoot of the Celtic subrace that colonized Southeast Europe); and the fifth subrace, the Teutonic , which also migrated from the “City of the Bridge” to what is now Germany beginning in 20,000 BC (the Slavs are regarded as an offshoot of the Teutonic subrace that colonized Russia and surrounding areas).

The emergence of the sixth subrace of the Aryan root race

According to Blavatsky the sixth subrace of the Aryan root race will begin to evolve in the area of the United States in the early 21st century. This sixth subrace of the Aryan root race will be called the Australo-American subrace and is believed by Theosophists to be now arising from the Teutonic subrace of the Aryan root race in Australia and in the Western United States (many individuals of the new subrace will be born in California ) and its surrounding nearby areas (i.e., the Australo-American subrace is in arising from the Anglo-American , Anglo-Canadian , Anglo-Australian and presumably also the Anglo-New Zealander ethnic groups).

The sixth or Australo-American sub-race will “possess certain psychic powers, and for this thepituitary body will be developed, thus giving an additional sense, that of cognising astral emotions in the ordinary waking consciousness. We may say that in general the sixth sub-r ace will bring in wisdom and intuition, blending all that is best in the intelligence of the fifth subrace and the emotion of the fourth.”

The sixth root race

According to C. W. Leadbeater , a colony will be established in Baja California by the

Theosophical Society under the guidance of the Masters of the Ancient Wisdom in the 28th century for the intensive selective eugenic breeding of the sixth root race.

The Master Morya will physically incarnate in order to be the Manu (“progenitor”) of this new root race. By that time, the world will be powered by nuclear power and there will be a single world government led by a person who will be the reincarnation of

Julius Caesar. Tens of thousands of years in the future, a new continent will arise in the Pacific Ocean that will be the future home of the sixth root race. ALWIN California west of the San Andreas Fault will break off from the mainland of North America and become the Island of California off the eastern coast of the new continent.

Subraces of the sixth root race

Victor Skumin proposed a definition and classification of Homo spiritalis (Latin : “spiritual man”), the sixth root race, consisting of eight subraces (subspecies): HS0 Anabiosis spiritalis, HS1 Scientella spiritalis, HS2 Aurora spiritalis, HS3 Ascensus spiritalis, HS4 Vocatus spiritalis, HS5 Illuminatio spiritalis, НS6 Creatio spiritalis, and HS7 Servitus spiritalis.

The seventh root race

The seventh root race will arise from the seventh subrace of the sixth root race on the future continent that the sixth root race will be living on that will arise from the Pacific Ocean. The continent they will inhabit is esoterically called Pushkara .

Migration to Mercury

It is believed by some Neo-Theosophists that after the present round of human spiritual evolution by reincarnation of souls in root races is completed several dozen million years from now, the human race will migrate to the planet Mercury to continue its spiritual and physical evolution.

Complied by Campbell M Gold (2010)

Full Article: http://campbellmgold.com/archive_esoteric/root_races.pdf

Lost Continent of Lemuria in the Pacific Ocean

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The location for the “Cradle of Civilization “has been the burning question that many historians and geologists have tried to find for the last 100 years. It wasn’t my intention to try find the answer to that question. My intention was to find the genealogy of my people beyond what I know or have been passed down from my ancestors.

A few months ago, I started on the Labyrinth of Pokop Yap Pohyomou and wanted to discover the meanings of the Labyrinth that was carved into the granite rock in Manus. Pokop was a semi-god that lived in Mountain Pohyomou there were a few of his kinds that lived in surrounding mountains as well.

Who were the Pokop’s and how did they get to live on the Mountain Tops in Manus?

My study on Pokop, lead me to read a lot about the ancient civilizations of Africa, Europe, Asia but specifically on Egypt or more specifically on the Sumerians and the Anunnaki and trying to make any connection between them and Pokop.

However, a new Facebook friend who has been studying ancient civilization for the last 30 years has pointed me to look closer at home. He suggested I read more about the ‘Lost Civilization of Lemuria’ which was found to be in the Pacific and Lemuria predated Atlantis.

The legendary ‘Lost Civilization of Atlantis’ has been widely researched and documented in much literature. Atlantis as they say was a very highly technological civilization that disappeared from the face of the earth.

In 1860 German biologist Ernst Haeckel began publishing work claiming that Lemuria was what allowed humans to first migrate out of Asia (believed by some at the time to be the birthplace of humanity) and into Africa.

Haeckel even suggested that Lemuria (a.k.a. “Paradise”) may have been the very cradle of humankind itself

THE ANCIENT CIVILIZATION OF LEMURIA

Lemuria, which is also referred to as ‘Mu’, was allegedly located in the Indian Ocean according to scientists in the mid-1800s (allthatsinteresting.com). According to lemuria.net, Lemuria existed physically as a vast “continent in the Pacific Ocean from approximately 98,000 B.C. to 8,000 B.C. long before and partially at the same time as Atlantis in the Atlantic Ocean.”

It included the Philippiness, Guam, Fiji Islands, Hawaii, and Easter Island. At its peak, it even reached some lands of British Columbia in Canada and some lands in Madagascar.

Lemuria, or Mu, is a mythical continent that allegedly was located in the Pacific Ocean region or the Pacific Ring of Fire. Today we read about accelerating natural disasters in that area – earthquakes, tsunamis – dormant volcanoes becoming active – as the tectonic plates continue to shift triggering the message that one day all will need once again. This takes us to creation myths – submerged cities, flood stories around the world and Simulation Theory.

Lemuria is said to have thirteen colonies and they chose Atlantis to be a colony where a new civilization would be created “genetic modification and creation of a new form of being.”

MALAY GENE

10 years ago, I had a DNA test done and the majority of the DNA pointed to being of Malay, Papuan and Chinese. I was quite intrigued on how Malay was a dominant gene but my search now seems to make more sense as the Malay gene is basically the Lemuria gene that’s was moving between the 2 locations of India and the Pacific as shown by the map below

Frontis plate with illustration from Ernst Haeckel “The History of Creation” English translation by Prof. E. Ray Lankaster 1876. “A hypothetical sketch of the monophyletic origin and of the extension of the 12 races of man from Lemuria over the Earth”. While Darwin correctly suspected an African origin for mankind, Haeckel hypothesised a lost continent of Lemuria from which the various races of mankind had spread. Though there seemed little basis in geology for this supposition, it suited his own racial ideologies and would help him explain the (then) rarity of human fossils (on account of them being lost on a drowned continent). It also helped explain the anomalous distribution of Lemurs (hence the name) in the seemingly disconnected realms of Africa, Madagascar, India and Asia. We now have many early hominid fossils from Africa and explain lemur distributions with continental drift.

There are a lot of correlations between Lemuria and that of the Pacific especially in Papua New Guinea.

 Christina the Channel, an energy healer and business mentor made some notes on Lumeria. According to her, Lemuria was the original civilization on earth that was very high frequency, like heaven on earth.

3:10 – She has visuals, memories of that place [Lemuria]. She saw it was a very colorful, vibrant place with lots of fruits and vegetables. Strong connection to the earth, energy healing, healing with the earth, crystal technology. Hawaiian energies.

3:40 – They didn’t use money but bartered with one another; sharing, exchanging, collaborating with one another and innocence.

4:07 – Everything felt very equal, loving, compassionate in Lemuria.

4:49 – When people discuss about new earth it has similar energies as Lemuria. And today, we are returning back to true collaboration, operating from love, compassion and forgiveness

Does Hiri Trade in Papua and the Lapita Trade makes sense now??

Sources:

  1. Lemuria
  2. Legend of Lemuria – truth revealed
  3. Lemuria: The Fabled Lost Continent That Turned Out To Be Real — Almost
  4. The Fall of Lemuria and Atlantis
  5. How are Lemuria and Atlantis Connected to the Battle Over Earth?
  6. Lemuria – where were you before the tree of life?
  7. Tale of Two Continents

Labyrinth Of Pokop Yap Pohyomou

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Throughout the main island of Manus, there are many stories about the cultural heroes popularly known as Pokops. Unlike heroes who belonged to a family and/or a village, it is said that Pokops just appeared out of nowhere, enjoyed a brief idyllic life, and then disappeared into the world of oblivion.

All Pokops were males and none of them had a family history leading up to him and similarly none were claimed to have left descendants to claim and inherit their famous mountain-top havens. Pokop yap Pohyomou, Pokop yap Pohonanus, Pokop yap Pwenet and Pokop yap Tarau all lived on Hill Top Havens. The havens, mind you, are all rock formations and are the highest of points of the areas they occupy

This poses many interesting questions in one’s mind about their existence. Did the Pokops really live in the time past or did they exist only in the myths? Why is it that many of them attracted beautiful women and yet left no descendants? Maybe they were what the moderns would call male chauvinists? Or maybe they were a unique breed of supernatural human beings?

Whatever they are, the Pokop’s left their petroglyph and their existence in every hilltop or Tableland they occupy. These markings are similar to markings found all over the world which points to super-natural beings.

Labyrinth Petroglyphs

Labyrinth Petroglphs

Polyomo Tableland the home of Pokop Yap Pohyomou contains a strange marking that is rumored to be from aliens. These strange markings can also be found on Pwenet Tableland in Manus and also in some areas’s of the world.

After looking at these markings, I had to search on google for similar markings and have found many in Europe and some in South America as well. It is not know the reason why there is one right at the heart of the Island of Manus but it seems there may be a connection to the site through the legends of Pokops

The story of Pokop Yap Pohyomou has been well covered by Dr. Bernard Minol and you can read some of them on this website.

Similar Labyrinth around the world

The earliest examples, precise symbols found carved on rocks and painted or scratched on pottery, date to the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods, although are often difficult to date precisely. The same design, found on coins from Crete from the first few centuries BC, symbolise the labyrinth at Knossos in which the Minotaur was imprisoned. Popular throughout the Roman Empire as a protective and decorative symbol on the mosaic floors of civic buildings and villas, they were also constructed outdoors at this time as a playground for children and as a test of skill for soldiers on horseback.

During the medieval period the labyrinth symbol developed into a more intricate form, reflecting the complexities of faith, life and philosophy in the medieval mind. Occurring first in manuscripts, it was subsequently laid in coloured marble and tiles on the floors of cathedrals and churches, most famously at Chartres Cathedral, where the labyrinth constructed in the early 13th century survives to this day, and indeed, has become an object of pilgrimage for modern visitors.

Labyrinth of Rock Valley in England

NASA Published book suggest Aliens drawings

Though the White House maintains that there has not yet been credible evidence that suggests the presence of extra terrestrial life, a new volume of an official NASA e-book released this week details the hunt for such evidence by the space agency and other organizations and even suggests that unusual patterns cut into rock actually “might have been made by aliens.

The book edited by Dr. Douglas Vakoch, the director of Interstellar Message Composition at the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence organization, includes ”incisive critique with hope that there is a response to the skepticism behind these critiques.” Vakoch, according to his profile on SETI’s website, “researches ways that different civilizations might create messages that could be transmitted across interstellar space, allowing communication between humans and extraterrestrials even without face-to-face contact.”

“Archaeology, Anthropology, and Interstellar Communication” has contributors that “raise questions that may have been overlooked by physical scientists about the ease of establishing meaningful communication with an extraterrestrial intelligence.”

Vakoch wrote in the book’s introduction that is a challenge for scientists to actually “recognize manifestations of extraterrestrial intelligence, even when they resemble a naturally occurring phenomenon.” He points out archaeologist Paul Wason’s argument that there needs to be an “intellectual context” for researchers to even o identify signs of intelligence.

Need to Preserve Pokop Pohyomou Petroglyphs

Petroglyphs from Pohyomou Tableland needs to be preserved. These petroglyphs are ancestral sites which our forefathers lived for many years before disappearing into the unknowns.

The petroglyphs would interest any archeologist as there has never been one to study these petroglyphs and the meaning surrounding them.


Labyrinth on Polyomou Tableland

cycling a must trend

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To be fit and healthy you need to be physically active. Regular physical activity can help protect you from serious
diseases such as obesity, heart disease, cancer, mental illness, diabetes and arthritis. Riding your bicycle regularly is one of the best ways to reduce your risk of health problems associated with a sedentary lifestyle.

Cycling is a healthy, low-impact exercise that can be enjoyed by people of all ages, from young children to older adults. It is also fun, cheap and good for the environment.

Riding to work or the shops is one of the most time-efficient ways to combine regular exercise with your everyday routine. An estimated one billion people ride bicycles every day – for transport, recreation and sport.

Cycling for health and fitness
It only takes two to four hours a week to achieve a general improvement to your health. Cycling is:

  • Low impact – it causes less strain and injuries than most other forms of exercise.
  • A good muscle workout– cycling uses all of the major muscle groups as you pedal.
  • Easy – unlike some other sports, cycling does not require high levels of physical skill. Most people know how to ride a bike and, once you learn, you don’t forget.
  • Good for strength and stamina– cycling increases stamina, strength and aerobic fitness.
  • As intense as you want– cycling can be done at very low intensity to begin with, if recovering from injury or illness, but can be built up to a demanding physical workout.
  • A fun way to get fit– the adventure and buzz you get from coasting down hills and being outdoors means you are more likely to continue to cycle regularly, compared to other physical activities that keep you indoors or require special times or places.
  • Time-efficient – as a mode of transport, cycling replaces sedentary (sitting) time spent driving motor vehicles or using trams, trains or buses with healthy exercise

Health benefits of regular cycling
Cycling is mainly an aerobic activity, which means that your heart, blood vessels and lungs all get a workout. You will breathe deeper, perspire and experience increased body temperature, which will improve your overall fitness level.

  • The health benefits of regular cycling include:
  • increased cardiovascular fitness
  • increased muscle strength and flexibility
  • improved joint mobility
  • decreased stress levels
  • improved posture and coordination
  • strengthened bones
  • decreased body fat levels
  • prevention or management of disease
  • reduced anxiety and depression.

Articles from:
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/cycling-health-benefits

Ancient Ruins in Athens

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A walk around Athens and you’d surely come up to a important ancient sites from the Classical and Roman times

The Acroplis

The Acropolis also called the Sacred Rock, is the most important ancient heritage of the country. It is also the trademark and most famous site of Athens and of Greece. It has been the main attraction of Athens since the 5th century BC and is dedicated to Athena, the goddess of wisdom and protector of the city.

Acropolis

The Parthenon

The Parthenon, the most famous ancient Greek temple ever, stands proudly over the modern megalopolis of Athens, a reminder of the great civilization he has witnessed. The Acropolis can be seen from almost every part of Athens. It was and still is, without any doubt, the ultimate achievement of the city classical and architectural glory

Parthenon

Herodeion Theatre

The Herodeion Theatre is one of the most impressive monuments of Athens and it is today hosting the Athens Festival with performances of theatre, music, and dance. The theatre is open to visitors only during performances. It is located at the south slope of the Acropolis and was added in 161 AD during the Roman rule. The theatre was built by Herodes Atticus, a wealthy Roman, in memory of his wife Regilla. It has exceptional acoustic capacities and can sit up to 5,000 spectators. It has a facade of 28 m high and 2,4 m width.

Herodeion Theatre

Temple of Hephaestus

The Temple of Hephaestus is the best preserved Doric temple in Greece. It was dedicated to Hephaestus, the god of the forge, hence the reason why the temple used to be in the center of numerous metalwork shops and foundries. It was built during Pericles rebuilding program.

Temple of Hephaestus

Temple of Zeus

The Temple of Olympian Zeus took 700 years to be built and is the larger that was ever created. The work was completed by Emperor Hadrian in 131 AD. The huge Temple is composed of 104 Corinthian columns of 17 m high. Very little is left of his greatness today since only 17 columns are still standing.

Temple of Olympian Zeus
Panathenaic Stadium

Panathenaic Stadium

The Panathenaic (Roman) Stadium was built in the 4th century BC. It was hosting the Panathenaic Athletic contests. Herodes Atticus inaugurated the stadium when he rebuilds the seats with Pentelic marble. The stadium was strangely abandoned for centuries. It was finally restored in order to welcome the first modern Olympic Games of 1896.

Arch of Hadrian

Arch of Hadrian

The Arch of Hadrian was built by Emperor Hadrian in 132 AD in order to mark the limit between Ancient Athens and his new city. It is also a commemoration of the consecration of the Temple of Olympian Zeus. It is located at the end of Amalias Avenue.

Source: https://www.greeka.com/attica/athens/ancient-sites/

Coronavirus – Travel Tips

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Much is still unknown about the Wuhan coronavirus outbreak and health officials are urging vigilance.

That means travelers crisscrossing the globe should be aware of the virus, steer clear of heavily impacted areas and exercise some of the same kinds of preventive measures they’d use to avoid influenza and other illnesses.

Whilst the virus is mainly in China and more specifically Wuzan Province, there are reported cases of it in Australia, Japan, United States and Singapore. In Wuzan Province, everyone is locked away indoors as they believe the virus is spread by Human-to-Human contact

Health Authorities around the region are stepping up their efforts to ensure everyone is screened an border controls are also on high alert.

But does this health warning stop anyone from travelling for business or leisure? I think it shouldn’t and I do believe every traveler should practice personal health safeguards that would prevent them from catching any of these virus.

Here are some tips to take with you when you travel or in at the airport.

  1. Medicines  –
    • Codral Night & day, if you free sick – 90% chances are its common cold
    • Asprin – always take those for any headaches
  2. Clothing
    • Bandanas or scarfs – you can use them just to cover your mouth and it will still look good
    • hand gloves
    • face mask is a must
    • Take some sunnies as well
  3. Food
    • Eat only Warm/hot food –
    • don’t eat any food that is cold
    • always wipe clean food that is exposed to air
  4. Meeting People
    • Don’t shake hands – just do fist bumps
    • Avoid hugging anyone
  5. Toilets
    • Use paper towels as oppose to air blowers in bathroom
    • Hand sanitizers – always wipe your hands before you want to touch your eyes and mouth.
    • Always wipe fruits such as apples before you eat as they are exposed

And finally, if you can do it…….try stay away from the reported areas.

Debt Trap – How loans trap us

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The financial crisis is one inseparable part of a person’s life, and it may come in anyone’s life, without any notice. There are situations when the most financially stable person would seek support. Any they come at any time of our lives without notice.

That need for financial support is complemented by a loan, which could be a formal arrangement with the banks, financial institutions or informal money markets with individuals. The loans are either business loans, housing loans and the widely use loans are the personal loans.

Debt is one of the biggest cause of poverty

When the credit is availed by the banks, other financial agencies and informal money markets for the personal use, it is called Personal Loans. This Personal Loan has come to the rescue of the many people, with the instant availability of funds. These Personal Loans have always been the helping hands during the urgent needs of the people and have solved various unavoidable circumstances in a person’s life.

But at the same time, the Personal Loan has been a cause of worry for many. Even, if the Personal Loans have been the lifesavers many times, they are the ones, which come with some hidden traps too


Informal Debt-Trap

In Papua New Guinea, the desire for fast personal loans to patch the gap before the next payday has forced many people to turn to INFORMAL MONEY MARKETS. The main reason for this is the CONVENIENCE, quick turnaround and the ZERO paperwork that comes with the requests for a loan.

As always, convenience comes with a price, and the price for this informal money market is very high. The interest charge for these loans are usually between 30-60 percent and only for a short period usually within 1-2 weeks.

The formula used for this interest calculation is the SIMPLE FORMULA.
You borrow K1, 000.00 at rate of 40% for 2 weeks; you pay K1, 400.00 at the end of the 2 weeks. If you do not pay at the end of the 2nd week, they charge another 40% on that K1, 400.00 and you end up paying K1, 960.00 after a month.

These informal money markets has sadly been a DEBT-TRAPPED for many Papua New Guineans who were not able to pay their loan when the loan sharks come calling.


Formal Debt-Trap

Then there is the Banks and the Financial Institutions who also offer personal loans aside from housing loans and business loans.

The requirements for personal loans, housing loans and business loans varies from each Bank and financial institutions. However, the calculation of the interest charge is the same across all those different requirements.

I will discuss the Housing Loan and how interest are charge, it is no different to a personal loan and business loan.

Personal loans have higher interest rates, Kina Bank charges about 20% p.a and BSP charges at about 27% per annum.  Home Loans have lower interest rates. Kina Bank Charges 6.5% interest on home loans whilst BSP Bank charges 6%, however BSP has a special of 4% per annum for the First Home Ownership Scheme over a period of 40 years.

Let’s use the FHOS of BSP to do a calculation of K400,000 for period of 40 years at 4% per annum interest

These Banks and financial institutions use COMPOUNDING FORMULA to calculate interest payable and additional charge interest on any outstanding loans which the called CAPITALISATION.  There 2 calculations, the first is for the repayment amount for the duration of the loan and the other is the interest charge on any outstanding loans. The interest is calculated daily and charge monthly.

Formula:

Mortgage Calculation Formula

Calculation:

  • 4% annual interest rate needs to be change into an effective monthly rate. Therefore we divide 4%/12 months = 0.3% effective interest rate
  • Number of repayments would be 40 years multiple by 12 months, therefore 40 x 12 = 480
  • Calculating the Monthly repayment using the formula above gives you K1, 573.64 which is monthly repayment
  • Aside of the fixed repayment, there is also an interest charged for loan outstanding. This interest is calculated daily and charged monthly, this charge is called CAPITALISATION.

A simple spreadsheet of repayment looks like this after calculations are done, it is done using a compounding formula

The BIGGEST TRAP in this Formal Loan is that the loan interest is charged daily and added to the loan amount monthly. This interest on loan increases the loan amount each month, and whilst we pay fixed amount monthly, the repayment would not seem to make any difference as CAPITALISATION costs keeps adding up.

The only way to get out of this formal debt-trap is that you find ways to pay more than then monthly repayment, any lump sum amount or extra repayments would assist in getting out of this, otherwise, it would take more than 40 years to completely pay of your debt.

Free Email Address is bad for Business

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I have seen so many professional business cards with a gmail address on it and my first instinct is never to take that person seriously!

Maybe it is just my way of filtering the noise but how many companies and business executives do the same thing as me when they look at a business card with a Gmail, Hotmail  or yahoo address?


Most people will say, this is a way of keeping costs down and to use as much free stuff when you starting out in business.

Personally, using the FREE EMAIL risks the following;

  • You missing out on Marketing Opportunities

A perfect way for your Brand to stick at the minds of people is when you use your own business name in an email address. The business sells itself without making an effort.

Using the FREE EMAIL, makes you lose that marketing opportunity!

  • It looks unprofessional

Flashy looking business cards with a gmail, yahoo or even a Hotmail email address just looks unprofessional. As much as someone appears to look and play the play the part, the FREE Email address makes you look like a fake. It is like a Michael Jackson impersonator – everything looks real until they open their voice to SING.

  • Hackers love FREE email account

Free EMAIL account are so easy to hack! A lot of hacks on email happens on gmail, yahoo and Hotmail. Using your own business email makes it harder to be hacked.

  • Can be mistaken for a SPAM

Have you wondered why most of your proposals sent to companies and business never get a reply? Maybe because it was mistaken has a spam and its’ either blocked or sitting in the spam box. Free EMAILS are associated with SPAM and 9/10 your proposal would be considered the same.

It is not hard to get your own domain name. A lot of ISP’s provide that already.

I used to use a google business before when I registered shellnetpng.com but they started charging monthly for every other email account created. I now use ONE.COM, as I can have as many email address under just one domain account name.

If you need your own domain name – hit me up and I can assist you.

40 ways your Priorities should change after 40

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by: Alexander Breindel

  1. You don’t let others’ opinions determine your life path
  2. You stop trying to change what you can’t control
  3. You focus on real friendships
  4. You make self-care a top priority
  5. You stop striving for perfection
  6. You learn the difference between problems that need solving and situations that don’t
  7. You know how to leave toxic relationships
  8. You weigh the consequences of your actions
  9. You value your “faults”
  10. You realize that complaining isn’t getting you anywhere
  11. You prioritize your whole-body wellness
  12. You start to ponder what happens after you’re gone
  13. You take time to decompress
  14. You prioritize happiness over achievement
  15. You make finding a fulfilling career a priority
  16. You seek meaning over material
  17. You get a handle on your work/life balance
  18. You get your stress under control
  19. You prepare for an empty nest
  20. You think about the goals you’ve forgotten
  21. You start preparing for retirement
  22. You think about life insurance
  23. You consider long-term care
  24. You ponder your legacy
  25. You value reflection over spontaneity
  26. You focus on longevity
  27. You become okay with saying “no”
  28. You follow your instincts
  29. Your contextualize your life
  30. You stop caring how old you look
  31. You invest in your long-term health
  32. You think more about yourself
  33. You stop comparing yourself to others
  34. You value kindness
  35. You stop thinking about regrets
  36. You stop judging others
  37. You stop trying to please everyone
  38. You stop being afraid of “missing out”
  39. You work smarter, not harder
  40. You let others help you

Footprints

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Dear Family & Friends,

Been trying to figure out what to do on my Birthday as I approach the halfway mark of the life expectancy in Papua New Guinea. I was wondering if I had at least influenced anyone I came across in the last 10-15 years and if there was any significant positive change in those who I had met.

I guess what I am trying to say is, am at the stage where I am thinking, will anyone remember me after I am gone? Maybe my children will …but would my grandchildren and great-grandchildren remember me?

Am thinking – what I need to leave behind is a legacy……….

So I have decided to create a website (blog) which I would document some of my passions (not the nasty ones). I have named it ‘Paura – the Digital Nomad’, that summarizes my two main passion of Technology and Travel. The last few years, I did much travel and involved in technology but did not get to pen them down for someone else to enjoy.

So I’ve created the nomadicpaura website will be collection of my interests in life going forward. Aside from Technology and Travel, there would be a page on Entrepreneurship, a page on Food (who dosnt like to eat or even cook? ) and of course, there would be another page on Photography.

I plan that this website would be use as a guide for anyone who hasn’t really grown any wings to fly away from their nests and also some pointers on travel locations, budget meals, tips on photography and some advice on technology and business.

Hope some of you follow me on this journey…